楊桃

酢漿草科

學名:Averrhoa carambola L.

英名:Carambola、Starfruit

別名:陽桃、洋桃、羊桃、五斂子

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簡介 Description

楊桃屬常綠喬木,原產東南亞。樹高可超過10m。互生奇數羽狀複葉,長10~20cm,卵形或橢圓形;小葉5~13片,小葉長3~7cm,寬2~3.5cm。聚繖花序集成圓錐花序,自葉腋或枝幹上生出。桃紅色花冠5裂,花徑約0.5cm。肉質漿果黃色,有5稜,長5~10cm,栽培品種則可達15cm。開花期春末至冬季,結果期夏至冬季。

An evergreen tree in the genus Averrhoa, native to Southeast Asia. Tree height over 10 m. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnately compound, 10-20 cm long, oval or elliptical; leaflets 5-13, 3-7 cm long and 2-3.5 cm wide. Panicles consist of cymes from leaf axils or branches. Flowers 0.5 cm across, corolla pink and 5-lobed. Fruits are fleshy berries yellow and 5-ribbed, 5-10 cm long, shorter than that of cultivars. Flowering from late spring to winter, and fruiting from summer to winter.

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栽培 Cultivation

適合全日照至半日照環境。栽培地以土層深厚且富含有機質的砂質壤土為宜。枝條柔軟,宜選避風位置種植。根系不耐積水。春季或秋季採果後可修剪過度長伸的枝條與枯病、細弱枝。

It suitably grows in a full-sun to partial-sun environment and prefers deep soil layers and sandy loams rich in organic matter. The branches are soft so it’s better planted in leeward locations. The root system can’t withstand stagnant water. Perform pruning after the fruits harvested in spring or autumn, mainly for the over-long, diseased and weak branches.

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應用 Application

常開花結果於樹幹,具有幹生花果的生態特性。果實切面形似星星,成熟鮮果具有多汁與甜美的風味,還可以製作果乾、果脯、釀酒、製醋。臺灣民間習慣煮楊桃湯,有解熱化痰、潤喉滋潤的功效。

Its flowers and fruits grow directly from the trunk in a cauliflorous habit. The fruit has a star-shaped cross section, with juicy and sweet taste when ripe; used to make dried fruit, preserved fruit, wine, and vinegar. Taiwanese people use the fruit to make soup for the effects of relieving heat, reducing phlegm and moisturizing throat.