臺灣芭蕉

芭蕉科

學名:Musa basjoo Siebold var. formosana (Warb.) S. S. Ying

英名:Taiwan Banana

別名:山芎蕉、胭脂蕉

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簡介 Description

芭蕉屬大型多年生草本,株高2m以上,臺灣特有種。根莖着生多數肉質狀根;假莖由葉鞘緊包成圓柱形,頂端葉片多枚;葉柄長而粗大,內面溝狀,背面圓形突起;葉片長橢圓形,全緣並略微波狀。花序由頂端伸出下垂狀,穗狀花序,雌雄異花。果實長條狀鈍三稜形,微彎曲,熟果由綠轉為黃褐色,纖維質果皮,果肉柔軟肉質;種子多數,黑色。

A large perennial herb of the genus Musa, endemic to Taiwan. Plant height over 2 m; rhizome bear multiple fleshy roots; cauloid tightly packed into a cylindrical shape by leaf sheaths; apical leaves plenty; petiole long and thick with inner grooves and round protrusions on the back side; leaves oblong, entire and slightly wavy. Pending inflorescences protruding from the apex, spikes, and dioecious. Fruit long, obtuse, triangular, slightly curved, green and ripe yellow-brown, fibrous pericarp, flesh soft and succulent; seeds many and black.

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栽培 Cultivation

喜半遮陰潮濕環境,介質肥沃可以促進生長。可用種子繁殖或側生幼莖亦可供分株繁殖。

The plant prefers partial shade and humid environment; fertility of the medium can promote the growth. Propagated by seeding or ramification of the lateral offsets.

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應用 Application

可作庭園景觀樹。果實是野生獼猴的食餌,葉片是香蕉弄蝶的食草。以前原住民在山上缺水時會取莖幹的髓心解渴,或取成熟蕉類植株的莖髓生食或煮湯,亦或是剖開蕉類莖幹取其中的纖維曬乾,絲狀的纖維容易點燃可作火種。

The plants are great garden landscape trees. The fruits can be used to feed wild macaques and the leaves can attract Banana Skipper. In the past, when the aborigines lacked water in the mountains, they would cut the pith of the stems to drink the sap or used the pith of mature banana plants fresh or cook, or take out the fibers of the cauloid and dry out as tinder.